Astigmatism is a refractive error where the cornea or lens has an irregular shape – instead of being evenly curved, it is more curved in one direction.
As a result, light rays do not focus at a single point on the retina, but at multiple points, causing blurred or distorted vision at all distances.
Symptoms
- Blurred or distorted vision both near and far
- Eye strain, burning sensation, or watering
- Frequent squinting
- Headaches, especially after reading or computer work
- Difficulty maintaining focus during close work
Causes
The most common cause is an irregularly shaped cornea (corneal astigmatism).
Less often, it is caused by an irregular lens (lenticular astigmatism).
Astigmatism is often congenital but may also develop after eye injuries, inflammation, or certain surgeries.
Diagnosis
Astigmatism is detected during a comprehensive eye examination, including:
- Measurement of diopters and corneal curvature (keratometry, topography)
- Testing visual acuity
- Determining the precise correction for glasses or contact lenses
Treatment
- Glasses with cylindrical lenses – the most common correction method
- Toric contact lenses – specially designed lenses that compensate for uneven corneal curvature
- Laser correction – a modern option for adults with stable astigmatism
- Intraocular lens implant – suitable for higher degrees of refractive error or after age 45
When to visit an Eye Doctor
If you notice blurred vision, “wavy” images, or your eyes tire quickly, schedule an eye exam.
At VILEA Eye Clinic, we use advanced diagnostic tools to determine the type and degree of astigmatism and recommend the most appropriate correction for your needs.
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