Nearsightedness, medically known as myopia, is a refractive error where images are focused in front of the retina instead of directly on it. This results in clear vision up close, but blurred or unclear vision at a distance.
Symptoms
- Blurry distance vision (e.g. TV, classroom board, road signs)
- Squinting to make distant objects appear sharper
- Eye strain, burning sensation, or tearing
- Headaches after prolonged distance vision
- In children: sitting too close to screens or books
Causes
Myopia occurs when the eye is longer than normal or the cornea bends light too strongly, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina. It is often hereditary, but lifestyle factors play a big role – prolonged near work (reading, screens) and insufficient time spent outdoors in natural daylight.
Diagnosis
Myopia is diagnosed during a routine eye examination – including visual acuity testing, diopter measurement, and instrumental refraction assessment.
In children, the exam is often supplemented with eye drops (cycloplegia) to relax focusing and reveal the true refractive error.
Treatment
- Glasses – the simplest and most common correction
- Contact lenses – suitable for active lifestyle or cosmetic preference
- Laser eye surgery – permanent solution for adults with stable myopia
- Orthokeratology (night lenses) – special lenses worn during sleep to temporarily reshape the cornea
Prevention and Progression Control
In children and young adults, it’s important to monitor the development of myopia, as it can worsen during growth. Helpful measures include:
- Spending more time outdoors in natural light
- Taking regular breaks from reading or screens
- Routine eye examinations
When to See an Eye Doctor
If you notice that your distance vision is blurry, you squint often, or your eyes/head hurt after looking into the distance, schedule a comprehensive eye exam.
At VILEA Eye Clinic, we will examine your vision and recommend the most suitable form of correction – glasses, contact lenses, or laser treatment.
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